Description: In Amarsingh v. Frontier Airlines, the Tenth Circuit sanctioned attorney Kusmin L. Amarsingh after finding that her appellate brief included fabricated case citations and misattributed legal authority generated by ChatGPT and not verified before filing. The court ordered a $1,000 payment to Frontier and referred the matter to Maryland disciplinary authorities.
Editor Notes: Timeline notes: The incident ID date is 01/24/2025, based on the Tenth Circuit's identification of that date as the time of the infraction involving AI-generated citations in Kusmin L. Amarsingh's appellate brief. The court issued a show-cause order on 09/05/2025 and, on 02/09/2026, affirmed the district court's judgment while imposing sanctions and directing referral to the Maryland disciplinary authority. The incident ID was created on 07/08/2026. See also: https://www.ca10.uscourts.gov/sites/ca10/files/opinions/010111382504.pdf.
Entities
View all entitiesAlleged: OpenAI , Large language model developers , Chatbot developers and AI research tool developers developed an AI system deployed by Pro se litigants , Lawyers and Kusmin L. Amarsingh, which harmed United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit , Judicial integrity , Frontier Airlines and Epistemic integrity.
Incident Stats
Incident ID
1577
Report Count
1
Incident Date
2025-01-24
Editors
Daniel Atherton
Incident Reports
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The Denver-based federal appeals court ordered a lawyer on Monday to pay $1,000 to the opposing side for submitting a legal filing with fake case citations generated by artificial intelligence.
A three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appea…
Variants
A "variant" is an AI incident similar to a known case—it has the same causes, harms, and AI system. Instead of listing it separately, we group it under the first reported incident. Unlike other incidents, variants do not need to have been reported outside the AIID. Learn more from the research paper.
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