Data centers
Incidents implicated systems
Incident 11449 Report
xAI Allegedly Operates Unpermitted Methane Turbines in Memphis to Power Supercomputer Colossus to Train Grok
2024-06-05
The xAI "Colossus" supercomputer facility in South Memphis allegedly runs 33 methane-powered turbines, despite a permit for only 15. The turbines reportedly power AI training for Grok. The facility's massive energy use and alleged unpermitted turbines reportedly produce extreme nitrogen oxide and formaldehyde emissions, adding toxic smog to a predominantly Black neighborhood already burdened by pollution and health risks.
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xAI Reportedly Operated Unpermitted Gas Turbines in Southaven, Mississippi, to Power Colossus 2 AI Data Center, Producing Air Pollution and Noise
2025-08-01
Beginning August 1, 2025, xAI reportedly began installing and later operating gas turbines in Southaven, Mississippi, to power its Colossus 2 AI data center in Memphis. 57 turbines were later reportedly identified at the site, while residents described persistent noise in nearby neighborhoods. Civil-rights groups allege the turbines required Clean Air Act permits and added harmful pollution near predominantly Black communities; Mississippi regulators maintain the temporary turbines did not require air permits.
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New Jersey Regulators Found DataOne Operated 62 Unpermitted Natural-Gas Generators at Vineland AI Data Center
2026-07-29
In July 2026, New Jersey inspectors found 62 unpermitted 2,000-kW natural-gas generators powering DataOne's Vineland data center, which has an agreement to provide AI computing power to Microsoft. The state later fined DataOne $1.07 million under the Air Pollution Control Act. Residents also reported persistent noise and raised concerns about air emissions; DataOne disputed the state's decision.
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